Born 5 Jul 1891; died 27 May 1987 at age 95.

#American #biochemist who received (with James B. Sumner and Wendell M. Stanley) the #NobelPrize for #Chemistry in 1946 for successfully #purifying and #crystallizing certain #enzymes, thus enabling him to determine their chemical nature.

During WW I, he conducted research on #fermentation processes suitable for the #industrial production of #acetone and #ethylalcohol. This work led to a study of enzymes essential for #digestion, #respiration, and general life #processes.

He crystallized #pepsin (1930), a digestive enzyme present in #gastric juice, and found that it is a #protein, thus resolving the dispute over the nature of enzymes.

Using the same chemical methods, he isolated the first bacterial #virus (#bacteriophage), and found it is a #nucleoprotein (1938).

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