German surgeon who was the first to introduce a first-aid kit and triage on the battlefield.

German surgeon who was the first to introduce a first-aid kit and triage on the battlefield.

He introduced first aid training for both military and civilian personnel.

His handbooks of military surgical techniques were used extensively as the best on the topic. The Esmarch bandage is a triangular piece of linen or cotton, with a long side about 4 ft. It can be used folded or open, and applied in 32 different ways.

Esmarch insisted that every soldier carry one in battle for temporary dressing and field-work. Esmarch also invented an apparatus, using a narrow hard rubber tourniquet with a chain fastener to control bleeding in tying off an extremity in such a way that it is made bloodless. When used during amputation, being bloodless made it easier to operate on a limb.

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